Vitamin B1, also commonly known as Thiamine, plays a vital role in the energy metabolism of all cells. Thiamine is important in energy production, as most cells in the body depend on sugar as a source of energy. Thiamine occupies a special site on nerve cell membranes. Therefore, nerve processes and their responding tissues, the muscles, depend on Thiamine.

In order for the myelin sheath, the fat-like coverings which surround most nerves, to develop, Thiamine must be present in the nervous system. Without Thiamine, the protective coverings can be damaged. Acetylcholine, one of the neurotransmitter in the nervous system, may not be able to relay messages between the nerves and muscles if an adequate amount of Vitamin B1 is not present in the body.

Vitamin B1 may prevent or treat the following health problems: Alcoholism, Alzheimer's disease, Crohn's disease, congestive heart failure, Depression, Epilepsy, Fibromyalgia HIV/AIDS, Korsakoff's psychosis, multiple sclerosis, Wernicke's encephalopathy.

Individuals who are Vitamin B1 deficient may experience loss of appetite. Because lack of Vitamin B1 in the body disables the nervous system from ensuring suitable muscle tone in the GI track, those who are Vitamin B1 deficient may experience indigestion and muscle tenderness. Other symptoms of Vitamin B1 deficiency are mental confusion, loss of reflexes, and irritability.

Beriberi is a disease related to Vitamin B1 deficiency. Beriberi became widespread in Asia during the 19^{th and 20th centuries. Individuals suffering from Beriberi experience muscle weakness, energy deprivation, and inactivity.}

Foods that are rich in Vitamin B1 are asparagus, romaine lettuce, mushrooms, spinach, sunflower seeds, tuna, green peas, tomatoes, and Brussels sprouts.

The recommended daily value of Thiamin is 1.5 milligrams per day. Even if taken at high doses, Vitamin B1 does not seem to be toxic. Vitamin B1 is given in high doses to individuals who are being treated for alcoholism and maple sugar urine disease.

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